Continuous Improvement vs Operations Excellence: From the Way of Doing to the Way of Thinking

Sri Haryono, ST, MBA

Executive Board

15 December 2025

Gambar Berita

Although often used interchangeably, Continuous Improvement (CI) and Operational Excellence (OpEx) describe profoundly different mindsets, behaviors, and organizational outcomes. CI focuses on tools, routines, and actions—the way of doing, whereas OpEx reflects system, culture, and leadership—the way of thinking.

Tagar#CI - The Way of Doing

1. CI Is About Tools, Routines, and Actions

CI emphasizes practical tools and standardized activity cycles, such as: 5S, PDCA, RCA, VM, VSM. The focus is tactical and operational: improving what exists, step by step.

2. CI Lives Primarily on the Shop Floor

CI starts at the operational level, where value is physically created and where inefficiencies are most visible. Operators and supervisors are the primary drivers of CI—supported by Lean facilitators or improvement specialists.

3. CI Is Incremental, Measurable, and Hands-On

The heart of CI lies in its granular focus. Small improvements accumulate into significant impact. Without alignment to broader systems and culture, CI often remains fragmented and unsustainable.

Tagar#OpEx - The Way of Thinking

OpEx is the strategic and cultural counterpart of CI, the mindset that shapes how an organization behaves, decides, and evolves.

1. OpEx Is About System, Culture, and Leadership

OpEx focuses on end-to-end systems, cross-functional workflows, long-term value creation. Lean is not a project but a philosophy of how the organization operates.

2. OpEx Connects the Shop Floor to the Boardroom

OpEx integrates strategy with daily work, ensures leaders support, aligns KPIs and incentives with excellence goals, embeds improvement into governance.

3. OpEx Is Transformational, Not Incremental

OpEx aims at breakthrough improvements. It focuses on flow, resilience, collaboration, and future-readiness, not just local efficiency.

Instead of choosing one over the other, great companies integrate both:
- CI builds competence, discipline, and engagement.
- OpEx builds alignment, purpose, and culture.

The Journey from CI to OpEx

1: Stabilize and Standardize (CI Foundation)

All excellence begins with stability.
- Implementing 5S
- Ensuring consistent quality
- Removing obvious waste
- Training people in basic Lean tools

2: Build Capability and Solve Problems

Once stability exists, employees begin:
- Solving root causes
- Leading small Kaizen
- Using PDCA routinely
- Learning from failures

3: Develop Lean Leadership

This is where the shift toward OpEx begins:
- Managers coach rather than command
- Leaders spend time in the Gemba
- Escalation becomes structured and fact-based
- Behaviors reflect humility and learning

4: Align Strategy, Systems, and Culture

OpEx fully emerges when:
- KPIs reinforce long-term learning
- Incentives support flow and collaboration
- Processes integrate cross-functional value streams
- Strategy cascades through Hoshin Kanri or similar frameworks

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